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In India, trial happens by extended detention

In India, trial happens by extended detention

Credits: Drawing by Arun Ferreira / The Polis Project

The Tribune / by Hammad Safraz

Those who question the government’s policies on rights and freedoms, find themselves in an endless chase for justice
The world’s largest democracy, or so the slogan goes, has perfected a quiet kind of cruelty against those who speak truth to power. For activists and journalists who question Narendra Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) government, the punishment is arbitrary detention without trial, stretched endlessly into a legal void where no charge is filed and no freedom is granted. …
The first big case, Ria Chakrabarty said, was actually that of anti-caste and tribal activists who rallied at Bhima Koregaon in Maharashtra and were later attacked by Hindu nationalist mobs. … Both the Supreme Court and the UN have judged that many of the detainees were held with no evidence of terrorism. “But this case is important to understand,” she said, “because then the Indian Home Ministry started using the same playbook against Muslim activists who would lead protests subjected to Hindu nationalist violence, and later, primarily Sikh farmers protesting farm laws.”
Read more


Also read:
IAPL demands release of advocate Surendra Gadling from Maharashtra jail (The Sisat Daily / March 2026)
Incarceration As Politics: A Timeline Of Political Prisoners In Independent India (Outlook / Jan 2026)
Justice On Hold: How India’s Trial Courts Are Creating a New Class of Political Prisoners—Those Accused Of ‘Terrorism’ (article 14 / Dec 2025)
Bail for Bhima Koregaon accused highlights extraordinary delay in trial (Scroll.in / Jan 2025)
How Long is Too Long? – On the Maximum Period that an Undertrial Prisoner can be Detained (Constitutional Law and Philosophy | by Hany Babu and Surendra Gadling | Oct 2024)

The End of Naxalism, the End of Accountability

The End of Naxalism, the End of Accountability

Graphic credits: virasam.org

The Wire / by Nandini Sundar

As the government claims victory over the CPI (Maoist), a more consequential defeat is being obscured: the collapse of constitutional accountability and the normalisation of impunity.

Among the many ironies of this confused and legally directionless ‘end of Naxalism’, is the fate of those arrested on charges of being Maoist sympathisers. At one end, we have the human rights lawyer Surendra Gadling who has been in jail since 2018, along with the rest of the BK 16 who are out on bail but still suffer from a protracted trial despite ample proof that police ‘evidence’ was fabricated. At the other end, the youth leaders of the Moolvasi Bachao Manch in Bastar, like Raghu Midiyami, Suneeta Pottam and others, have been jailed for over two years under UAPA, along with some other 40 activists at different times. Even simple rights like an operation to fix Raghu Midiyami’s broken finger are being resisted by the NIA. The MBM waged an entirely constitutional struggle, invoking the 5th Schedule of the Constitution and PESA to defend their lands. Evidently a peaceful movement of locals, in the face of an intensified mining push, is now a greater threat to the national security state than even the Maoists.
Hundreds of other innocent Adivasis continue to languish in jail, going through the tortuous legal system. Stan Swamy was targeted because his PIL in the Jharkhand High Court, based on interviews with 102 undertrials, showed that 97% of those arrested on charges of being Maoist actually had no relation to them.
Read more


Also read:
7 yrs in jail, charges framed against Surendra Gadling in Surajgarh arson case. What Bombay HC told SC (The Print / Apr 2026)
Voices From Prison | Half-Freedom For Adivasis Jailed On Maoist Allegations (Outlook / Jan 2026)
Voices From Prison | From Forest To Prison, When Security Laws Criminalise Adivasi Resistance (Outlook / Jan 2026)
Will anti-Naxal drive pave way for mining giants? (The New Indian Express / May 2025)
Top intellectual targeted for role as anti-displacement activist, opponent of ‘corporate loot’ (Sep 2024)
Who Is Suneeta Pottam, the Tribal Rights Activist Picked up for Unknown Cases Earlier This Month? (The Wire / Jun 2024)
Encountering Resistance – State Policy for Development in Gadchiroli (PUDR / June 2018)
▪ Condemn the State Sponsored Massacre Scripted as ‘Encounter’ in Gadchiroli and Bijapur in Central India (wssnet.wordpress.com / May 2018)
A study of Undertrials in Jharkhand (Sanhati / by Bagaicha Research Team / Feb 2016)

Case overload? 71% of NIA investigations rely on anti-terror law UAPA

Case overload? 71% of NIA investigations rely on anti-terror law UAPA

Business Standard / by Jayant Pankaj

As the agency faces a mounting judicial bottleneck, its heavy reliance on the controversial law is fuelling concerns
When P Chidambaram was India’s Home Minister, he met with Robert Mueller, director of America’s Federal Bureau of Investigation, in March 2009 in New Delhi. It was three months after the 26/11 Mumbai terror attacks, and Chidambaram described the newly formed National Investigation Agency (NIA) as crucial to the country’s security.

In the headline-making Bhima Koregaon case, the NIA charged 16 people in January 2020 with participating in anti-national activities as defined by various UAPA sections. According to the latest data on the NIA’s official website, the case remains “under investigation”.
Read more


Also read:
Unlawful: Editorial on the Bhima Koregaon case and denial of liberty under UAPA (The Telegraph / Feb 2026)
Inside the NIA’s ‘Perfect’ Conviction Record: How Coercive Detentions Are Driving Guilty Pleas (The Wire / Dec 2025)
Justice On Hold: How India’s Trial Courts Are Creating a New Class of Political Prisoners—Those Accused Of ‘Terrorism’ (article 14 / Dec 2025)
▪ UAPA – CRIMINALISING DISSENT AND STATE TERROR – Study of UAPA Abuse in India, 2009-2022 (PUCL / Sep 2022). Download report

The death of the 84-year-old Catholic priest, Stan Swamy, marked the end of India’s secularism

The death of the 84-year-old Catholic priest, Stan Swamy, marked the end of India’s secularism

Illustration by #bakeryprasad

Christian Post / by Azeem Ibrahim 

On July 5, 2021, Father Stanislaus Lourduswamy — an 83-year-old Jesuit priest and tribal rights activist — died in pre-trial custody in Mumbai, India.
Frail from Parkinson’s disease and a COVID-19 infection, he had spent nine months behind bars under India’s anti-terror laws, denied bail despite his deteriorating health. His alleged crime was implausible: authorities accused him of sedition and links to Maoist insurgents — charges widely derided as baseless. To many, his imprisonment and death became a symbol of a constitutional democracy being quietly hollowed out.
Read more


Also read:
The Siege of Faith: A year-long analysis of the persecution and otherisation of Christians in India (SabrangIndia / March 2026)
Conversion laws and national identity: A Jesuit response response to the Hindutva narrative (Countercurrents / Feb 2026)
Report 2025: Hate Speech Events in India (Center for the Study of Organized Hate / Jan 2026)
Indian Jesuits to continue fight to clear Father Stan Swamy’s name (UCA News / Dec 2025)
INDIA | USCIRF–RECOMMENDED FOR COUNTRIES OF PARTICULAR CONCERN (United States Commission on International Religious Freedom / 2025)
Father Stan Swamy died of natural causes, Maharashtra government tells court (India Today / Oct 2025)
Modi government’s actions against the Christian minority reveal a deep malaise within our society (Scroll.in / Mar 2022)

Artists, Educators, Publishers Speak Out Against ‘Rising Attempts’ to Stifle Their Voices

Artists, Educators, Publishers Speak Out Against ‘Rising Attempts’ to Stifle Their Voices

The Wire / by The Wire Staff

“These attacks have taken place in various forms, but each follows a pattern of impunity enabled by a rising culture of intolerance and suppression.”
A collective of artists, authors, publishers and educators have issued a statement condemning “rising attempts” to curtail free speech and creative voices in India. Referring to incidents including Anand Teltumbde’s panel being cancelled at the Kala Ghoda Arts Festival and water being thrown at historian S. Irfan Habib, the signatories say that “these disruptions set a dangerous precedent if left unaddressed in the current political climate”.
Read more / the full statement


Also read:
Mumbai Press Club Bars Elgar Parishad Defendants’ Entry, Issues Show-Cause Notice to Member (The Wire / March 2026)
‘Controversy best avoided’: Kala Ghoda festival director after Anand Teltumbde book event cancelled (Scroll.in / Feb 2026)
Stan Swamy Lecture Cancelled – A Case Study in India’s Shrinking Space for Dissent (The Print / Aug 2025)

Iftar gathers families of political prisoners, calls for sustained solidarity

Iftar gathers families of political prisoners, calls for sustained solidarity

Iftar and Solidarity Meet for Political Prisoners Held in Kurla

02/03/2026

Muslim Mirror / by Muslim Mirror

An iftar, dua and public meeting in solidarity with political prisoners was held at CESA, Kurla (West), on February 28, organised by Innocence Network India. Now in its eighth year, the annual gathering drew former prisoners and their families which nearly made 80% of the audiences.

A message from Rona Wilson, an accused in the Bhima Koregaon case who was unable to attend, was read out at the venue. In it, he said that when large numbers of people are subjected to incarceration and prolonged legal battles, such gatherings were necessary to renew solidarity and sustain the pursuit of justice.
Read more


Iftar gathers families of political prisoners, calls for sustained solidarity

02/03/2026

Maktoobmedia / by Maktoob Staff

An iftar, dua and public meeting in solidarity with political prisoners was held at the Centre for Study of Society and Secularism (CESA) in Kurla (West) on February 28. Organised by Innocence Network India, the annual gathering, now in its eighth year, drew former prisoners and their families, who organisers said made up nearly 80 per cent of the audience.
Read more


Also read:
Voices From Prison | A Legacy Of Detention: Weaponisation Of PDA, TADA, NSA And UAPA Laws Since Independence (Outlook / Jan 2026)
Incarceration As Politics: A Timeline Of Political Prisoners In Independent India (Outlook / Jan 2026)
Who Is a ‘Political Prisoner’? Rona Wilson Says Caste and Religion Are Key to the Answer (The Wire / Feb 2025)
Justice On Hold: How India’s Trial Courts Are Creating a New Class of Political Prisoners—Those Accused Of ‘Terrorism’ (article 14 / Dec 2025)
How The Indian Prison System Denies Basic Freedoms, Rights And Dignity To Political Prisoners (The Polis Project / Jun 2024)

With 21st extension, Koregaon Bhima Commission of Inquiry gets time till May 31

With 21st extension, Koregaon Bhima Commission of Inquiry gets time till May 31

Booklet: “Salaakhon Mein Qaid Avaazein” (Access PDF)

The Indian Express / by Chandan Haygunde

The Koregaon Bhima Commission of Inquiry is currently examining retired IAS officer and author Vishwas Patil in connection with his novel ‘Sambhaji’, based on the life of Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj.
The Maharashtra Government has extended the tenure of the  Koregaon Bhima Commission of Inquiry till May 31. This is the 21st extension granted to the commission investigating the violence that took place on January 1, 2018, during the commemoration of the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Koregaon Bhima.
Read more


Also read:
Why caste Hindutva, not an Elgar conspiracy, is at the root of the Bhima Koregaon violence (The Polis Project / Feb 2025)
Book Excerpt | How Bhima Koregaon Became a Trope for Dalit Pride and Assertion (The Wire / June 2024)
India’s Hindu Nationalist Project Relies on Brutal Repression (Jacobinmag / April 2021)
Why peoples’ coalitions are uniting against Hindutva — the ‘new Peshwai’ (Dailyo.in │ by Arun Ferreira and Vernon Gonsalves │ Jan 2018)
The Myth of Bhima Koregaon Reinforces the Identities It Seeks to Transcend (The Wire | Anand Teltumbde | Jan 2018)

CASR Condemns NIA Notice to Anti-Displacement Activist Damodar Turi

CASR Condemns NIA Notice to Anti-Displacement Activist Damodar Turi

Poster campaign, 2019.

Countercurrents.org / by Campaign Against State Repression (CASR) 

The Campaign Against State Repression (CASR) strongly condemns the recent actions of the National Investigation Agency (NIA) in Hyderabad, which has issued a notice to Damodar Turi, a long-time anti-displacement activist, in connection with FIR RC-04/2025/HYDERABAD. This case, initiated two months ago, is yet another example of the state’s ongoing harassment of individuals who challenge the exploitation and marginalization of indigenous communities, particularly those resisting displacement due to mining and industrialization.
Damodar Turi, a dedicated activist for over three decades, has been at the forefront of movements against the forced displacement of Adivasis and indigenous communities in Jharkhand and across India. As a founding member of the Visthapan Virodhi Jan Vikas Andolan (VVJVA), a pan-India anti-displacement organization, Damodar Turi has worked alongside other prominent human rights advocates, including Stan Swamy and B.D. Sharma, to raise awareness about the systematic dispossession of tribal people from their land in the name of development.
Read full statement


Also read:
Voices From Prison | Half-Freedom For Adivasis Jailed On Maoist Allegations (Outlook / Jan 2026)
Voices From Prison | From Forest To Prison, When Security Laws Criminalise Adivasi Resistance (Outlook / Jan 2026)
Will anti-Naxal drive pave way for mining giants? (The New Indian Express / May 2025)
Top intellectual targeted for role as anti-displacement activist, opponent of ‘corporate loot’ (Sep 2024)
Jharkhand police to probe into Maoist links with Stan Swamy’s ‘Bagaicha’, 63 other frontal organisations (The New Indian Express / Sep 2023)
CASR: Release activists incarcerated in Bhima Koregaon Case (Countercurrents.org / June 2023)
NIA Opposes Stan Swamy’s Bail; Calls PUCL, Visthapan Virodhi Jan Vikas Andolan ‘Maoist Fronts’ (The Wire / Jan 2021)

When Speaking Truth Becomes A Crime

When Speaking Truth Becomes A Crime

Outlook / by Pritha Vashisth

In its February 1 issue, Thou Shalt Not Dissent, Outlook turns to the voices of those who have lived this reality, mapping the human cost of repression, imprisonment and unyielding courage in the face of state power

“I am not a silent spectator, but part of the game and ready to pay the price whatever be it.”
When Stan Swamy spoke these words, he was 85 years old, physically frail but unyielding in spirit. Arrested in 2020 in connection with the 2018 Bhima Koregaon case, the Jesuit priest and Adivasi rights activist became the oldest person in India to be charged under anti-terror laws. Months later, with his bail application still pending, he died in custody, his life caught in limbo between accusation and justice.
Read more


Also read:
Voices From Prison: Imprisonment Sends A Calculated Message To Everyone Else (Outlook / Jan 2026)
Voices From Prison | A Legacy Of Detention: Weaponisation Of PDA, TADA, NSA And UAPA Laws Since Independence (Outlook / Jan 2026)

▪ Voices From Prison: Mahesh Raut | A Broken Prison System Is In Dire Need Of Critical Care

22/01/2026

Outlook / by Mahesh Raut

Mahesh Raut, the youngest accused in the Bhima Koregaon case, was granted interim bail on medical grounds. Many prisoners have no hope.
What constitutes freedom? What does it constitute for the person who is confined or for the one who comes out of jail, only to get entangled in another web of chains; some similar, but for others, different from what they experienced behind bars. In a prison, your identity is reduced to just a number. You are dehumanised at the whims of authorities and burdened by numerous hurdles and difficulties to secure bail. Many are not able to come out of prison even after securing bail due to financial constraints. All these factors take a toll on the physical and mental health of prisoners.
Read more


▪ Voices From Prison: ‘In Jail, I Measured Time From One Court Date to Another’

21/01/2026

Outlook / by Shoma Sen

Women’s rights activist and professor Shoma Sen, who was arrested in 2018 for her alleged involvement in the Bhima Koregaon riots, writes how in prisons, time comes to a standstill, literally
Though it is true that I did time, it appears more as if time did me. One cloudy evening, on June 21, 2018, when I was being taken to the Yerawada jail in Pune, I knew that watches were not allowed in jail, yet I had clung on to my basic Titan watch. I had to submit it at the gate. It was returned to me, looking like a museum relic, almost six years later. Time, trapped in a brown sarkari envelope, sealed in a metal box. Time that had stopped ticking.
Read more


▪ Me Coming Out Alive Is A Miracle: Hany Babu, Bhima-Koregaon Accused, On Life Behind Bars

21/01/2026

Outlook / by Hany Babu M.T.

More than five years after his arrest under the UAPA in the Bhima Koregaon case, former Delhi University professor Hany Babu was granted bail in December 2025. He shares his experience of prison life.
Mornings start very early in jail, but they never come with an air of freedom. It has only been three to four weeks since I came out; the bail arrived quite late for me. Five years is a long time compared to my co-accused. Throughout these five years, hope never left my sight, even when I contracted Covid. But there were indeed times when a little despair did creep in.
Read more


▪ Correctional Facility Or The World Of Endless Repetition, Solitude and Boredom?

21/01/2026

Outlook / by Rona Wilson

The prison system in India, persistently mediated and nourished by its colonial and retributive sensibilities, cannot be wished away by just changing the names of the prisons as correctional facilities, writes Rona Wilson, accused in the Elgar Parishad-Maoist links case.
I had trouble in my barrack with some of the inmates smoking heavily beside me and some among them playing ludo till the wee hours. As the game intensifies with gambling, so does smoking and use of tobacco. I requested the officer-in-charge of my circle to intervene.
Read more


▪ Voices From Prison: Life After Jail Is Tough, But Surveillance, Harassment Continue, Says Sudha Bharadwaj

20/01/2026

Outlook / by Sudha Bharadwaj

I am enormously relieved that the separation from my only daughter, Maaysha, has ended. We can speak to each other every day.
A couple of weeks ago, cops in civil dress—or so they claimed to be—arrived in the society where I live in a friend’s accommodation on rent. The police have my mobile number, which, no doubt, they monitor regularly. Besides, I report to the local police station every 14 days, and I regularly attend court dates, at least once every 15 days, if not more frequently. Despite this, the police did not bother to call me.
Read more


▪ Voices From Prison: In The Isolation of the Anda Ward, We Dared To Sing, Writes Gautam Navlakha

20/01/2026

Outlook / by Gautam Navlakha


I realised that the more intense the sense of despair, the harder hope kicks in.

‘Those who speak of humanity in this system
Are thrown into prison to acquaint them
With the vocabulary of ‘criminology’’’

— Varavara Rao, Schools and Prisons

Hope and despair are basic human emotions and I believe that all human beings, now and then, swing between these two ends of the spectrum in life. I experienced these emotions acutely during my time in prison and captivity.
Read more


▪ Voices From Prison: Alienating A Poet From A Language He Deeply Loves Is Painful, Writes Varavara Rao’s Daughter

20/01/2026

Outlook / by P Vanava

The poet and activist was jailed in connection with caste violence that erupted in 2018 in Bhima Koregaon. He was 78 then. Though he was released on medical grounds in 2022, he is still confined to Mumbai. In this first-person account, his daughter Pavana writes about how multiple incarcerations could not break her father’s strength and soul

This wasn’t his first arrest; he has been arrested many times in the past, since the Emergency in 1975, for his political activism. I was a newborn baby (a month old), when appa was arrested.
Read more


▪ Voices From Prison: Bail Is Little Solace As I Lost My Life Anyway, Says Anand Teltumbde

19/01/2026

Outlook / by Anand Teltumbde

We became victims of two things—unjust investigation and a media trial that was used as a weapon. The Media Trial was Deeply Painful.
The tragic dimension of jail has been exhaustively mined. What remains scandalously underexplored is its comic genius. Prison is a factory of absurdity, running at full capacity every day, and I made it a habit to collect its specimens—especially during the so-called free hours, when the cells were opened each morning. This ritual began with the ceremonial clanking of batons, as guards slid them menacingly across steel bars, producing a sound—less like an alarm than a declaration of sovereignty.
Read more

Conversion laws and national identity: A Jesuit response response to the Hindutva narrative

Conversion laws and national identity: A Jesuit response response to the Hindutva narrative

Countercurrents / by Rajiv Shah

A recent book, “Luminous Footprints: The Christian Impact on India”, authored by two Jesuit scholars, Dr. Lancy Lobo and Dr. Denzil Fernandes, seeks to counter the current dominant narrative on Indian Christians, which equates evangelisation with conversion, and education, health and the social services provided by Christians as meant to lure — even force — vulnerable sections into Christianity.
… the book cites the instance of Fr Stan Swamy, a Jharkhand-based civil rights leader, who was persecuted for actively advocating for tribal rights, especially the Pathalgadi movement, in which tribals “installed stone tablets in the village, inscribing the rights of tribals over their land and natural resources.”
Read more


Also read:
Indian Jesuits to continue fight to clear Father Stan Swamy’s name (UCA News / Dec 2025)
INDIA | USCIRF–RECOMMENDED FOR COUNTRIES OF PARTICULAR CONCERN (United States Commission on International Religious Freedom / 2025)
Father Stan Swamy died of natural causes, Maharashtra government tells court (India Today / Oct 2025)
Jesuit Missions repeats call to clear Indian priest’s name (Indcatholic News / Jul 2024)
COUNTRY UPDATE: India | Increasing Abuses against Religious Minorities in India (United States Commission on International Religious Freedom / Oct 2024)
Jharkhand police to probe into Maoist links with Stan Swamy’s ‘Bagaicha’, 63 other frontal organisations (The New Indian Express / Sep 2023)
Modi government’s actions against the Christian minority reveal a deep malaise within our society (Scroll.in / Mar 2022)
A study of Undertrials in Jharkhand (Sanhati / by Bagaicha Research Team / Feb 2016)